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Behavioral

Habits, conditioning, reinforcement, motivation, and learned behavior. This page currently lists 6 models.

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Classical conditioning is learning by association, where a previously neutral cue comes to trigger a response after repeated pairing with a meaningful stimulus.

Origin: Ivan Pavlov, 1897

conditioning association learning stimulus behavior

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Habits are formed and maintained through a three-part neurological loop: cue → routine → reward — and can be changed by keeping the cue and reward while swapping the routine.

Origin: Charles Duhigg (popularized), based on MIT basal ganglia research, 1990s–2012

habit routine reward cue behavior-change

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Behavior is shaped by its consequences — behaviors followed by rewards increase in frequency; behaviors followed by punishments decrease. The schedule of reinforcement determines how robust the behavior becomes.

Origin: B.F. Skinner, 1938

reward punishment reinforcement learning behavior-change

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Self-determination theory explains how motivation becomes more sustainable and effective when the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are supported.

Origin: Edward Deci & Richard Ryan, 1985

motivation autonomy competence belonging behavior

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People infer their own attitudes and preferences by observing their behavior, especially when their internal state is ambiguous or weakly formed.

Origin: Daryl Bem, 1972

identity inference attitude behavior self-observation

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Temptation bundling pairs an immediately rewarding activity with a beneficial but effortful behavior so the reward helps pull the desired behavior into action.

Origin: Katherine Milkman, Julia Minson, & Kevin Volpp, 2014

motivation habit reward self-control commitment